In "The New Class," Djilas argues that communist systems are characterized by the emergence of a new ruling class, which he calls the "new class." This class consists of high-ranking officials, politicians, and bureaucrats who exploit their positions of power to accumulate wealth, influence, and privileges. Djilas contends that the new class is not motivated by a desire to create a classless society, as communist ideology claims, but rather by a desire to consolidate power and perpetuate their own privileged status.